Sub-Millimeter Chest Wall Displacements Measuring Heartbeat and Respiration
Extracting the minute 0.1mm to 0.5mm chest wall vibrations caused by heart ventricle pumping, separating it from the larger 5mm to 12mm breathing cycle motion.
Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD)
VMD mathematically separates the narrow-band respiratory harmonics from high-frequency cardiac beat signatures without phase distortion.
- Measures respiration rate within ±1 breath per minute.
- Heart rate tracking accuracy within ±2 beats per minute.
- Operates through winter jackets, heavy blankets, and seat cushions.
- Immunity to in-cabin optical shadows, fog, and total darkness.
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